How Power Dynamics Shape Mediation: Comparing Power-Based and Interest-Based Approaches

Introduction Mediation is often celebrated as a collaborative, non-adversarial process for resolving disputes, praised for its capacity to foster dialogue, preserve relationships, and produce mutually acceptable solutions. Yet beneath this idealized image lies a critical but often underexamined factor power dynamics. The way power is distributed between the parties can subtly, and sometimes dramatically, shape both the process and the outcome. Power in mediation is rarely one-dimensional. It can stem from economic resources such as wealth or financial stability, legal advantages like superior representation or familiarity with the law, social status including professional standing or community influence, or even psychological factors such...